a smaller amount or quantity:She eats less every day.
something not as important:People have been imprisoned for less.
prep.
minus; without; subtracting:a year less two days.
Idioms
Idiomsless and less, to a decreasing extent or degree:I see less and less of my sister these days.
-less,suffix.
-less is attached to nouns to form adjectives with the meaning "without, not having (the thing or quality named by the noun)'':care + -less → careless; shame + -less → shameless
-less is also attached to verbs to form adjectives with the meaning "that cannot be'' plus the -ed/en form of the verb; or "that never'' plus the -s form of the verb:tire + -less → tireless (= that never tires);count + -less → countless (= that cannot be counted).
something that is least:Your little problem is the least of my worries right now.
adv.
[superl. of]littlewithlessas compar. to the smallest extent, amount, or degree:That's the least important question of all.
Idioms
Idiomsat least:
at the lowest estimate or figure:We'll have to pay $500 at least to cover that damage.
at any rate; in any case:At least she wasn't hurt.
Idiomsnot in the least, not in the smallest degree:not worried in the least.
to say the least, This expression is used to express the belief that a situation or circumstance is even worse than stated:The result will be terrible inflation, to say the least.
lit•tle/ˈlɪtəl/USA pronunciationadj.,lit•tler or less/lɛs/USA pronunciation or less•er, lit•tlest or least/list/USA pronunciationadv.,less, least,n. adj.
small in size, amount, or scale; not big:[before a noun]a little desk; a little voice.
short in length, duration, or extent; brief:[before a noun]Give me a little time.
small in number:[before a noun]a little group of scientists.
This word is used before a noun and without the article a to mean "small in amount or degree; not much,'' and is used to emphasize the feeling that the amount is not as much as one would like:[before a noun]There is little hope of victory. I have very little money left.
This word, when preceded by the article a, is used to mean "of a certain amount; some; more than expected, appreciable,'' and is used to emphasize the feeling that the amount is enough or sufficient, though perhaps just barely so:[before a noun* a + ~ + noun]I have a little money left; maybe it's enough for the movies. We're having a little difficulty.
younger or youngest:[before a noun]her little brother.
minor; unimportant:life's little pleasures.
mean, narrow, or not willing to understand others:little minds.
This word is sometimes used before a noun to indicate feelings of affection or amusement:[before a noun]Bless your little heart!
adv.
not at all:[before a verb]He little knows what awaits him.
This word is used with or without the article a to mean "in only a small amount or degree; not much; slightly,'' and emphasizes the feeling that the action or the amount indicated is not very much and is perhaps less than would be best:a little known work of art; She's little better than she was before the treatment.
n.
This word is used without the article a as a noncount noun to mean "a small amount, quantity, or degree,'' and to emphasize the feeling that the amount is less than might be expected or proper:[uncountable]They did little to make us comfortable.
This word, when preceded by the article a, is used to mean "a certain amount; some; an amount perhaps more than expected,'' and is used to emphasize the feeling that the amount is enough or sufficient, though perhaps just barely so:[countable* singular;a + ~]Save a little for me.
a short distance:[countable* singular;a + ~]It's down the road a little.
a short time:[countable* singular;a + ~]Stay here for a little.
Idioms
Idiomslittle by little, by small degrees; gradually:Little by little he was improving.
to a smaller extent, amount, or degree:less exact.
most certainly not (often prec. by much or still):He could barely pay for his own lodging, much less for that of his friend.
in any way different; other:He is nothing less than a thief.
Idiomsless than, by far short of being; not in the least; hardly at all:The job is less than perfect.
adj.,[a compar. of]little[with]least[as superl.]
smaller in size, amount, degree, etc.; not so large, great, or much:less money; less speed.
lower in consideration, rank, or importance:no less a person than the manager.
fewer:less than a dozen.
n.
a smaller amount or quantity:Hundreds of soldiers arrived, but less of them remained.
something inferior or not as important:He was tortured for less.
prep.
minus; without:a year less two days; six dollars less tax.
bef. 900; Middle English; Old English lǣs (adverb, adverbial), lǣssa (adjective, adjectival); cognate with Old Frisian lês (adverb, adverbial), lêssa (adjective, adjectival). See least
5.See corresponding entry in Unabridged See small.
Even though less has been used before plural nouns (less words; less men) since the time of King Alfred, many modern usage guides say that only fewer can be used in such contexts. Less, they say, should modify singular mass nouns (less sugar; less money) and singular abstract nouns (less honesty; less love). It should modify plural nouns only when they suggest combination into a unit, group, or aggregation:less than $50(a sum of money); less than three miles (a unit of distance). With plural nouns specifying individuals or readily distinguishable units, the guides say that fewer is the only proper choice:fewer words; fewer men; no fewer than 31 of the 50 states.Modern standard English practice does not reflect this distinction. When followed by than,less occurs at least as often as fewer in modifying plural nouns that are not units or groups, and the use of less in this construction is increasing in all varieties of English:less than eight million people; no less than 31 of the 50 states.When not followed by than,fewer is more frequent only in formal written English, and in this construction also the use of less is increasing:This year we have had less crimes, less accidents, and less fires than in any of the last five years.
-less,
an adjective suffix meaning "without'' (childless; peerless), and in adjectives derived from verbs, indicating failure or inability to perform or be performed (resistless; tireless).
cognate with Old Norse lauss, German los,loose Middle English -les, Old English -lēas, special use of lēas free from, without, false
lit•tle(lit′l),USA pronunciationadj.,lit•tler or less or less•er, lit•tlest or least,adv.,less, least,n. adj.
small in size; not big; not large; tiny:a little desk in the corner of the room.
short in duration; not extensive; short; brief:a little while.
small in number:a little group of scientists.
small in amount or degree; not much:little hope.
of a certain amount; appreciable (usually prec. by a):We're having a little difficulty.
being such on a small scale:little farmers.
younger or youngest:He's my little brother.
not strong, forceful, or loud; weak:a little voice.
small in consideration, importance, position, affluence, etc.:little discomforts; tax reductions to help the little fellow.
mean, narrow, or illiberal:a little mind.
endearingly small or considered as such:Bless your little heart!
amusingly small or so considered:a funny little way of laughing.
contemptibly small, petty, mean, etc., or so considered:filthy little political tricks.
adv.
not at all (used before a verb):He little knows what awaits him.
in only a small amount or degree; not much; slightly:a little known work of art; little better than a previous effort.
seldom; rarely; infrequently:We see each other very little.
n.
a small amount, quantity, or degree:They did little to make him comfortable. If you want some ice cream, there's a little in the refrigerator.
a short distance:It's down the road a little.
a short time:Stay here for a little.
Idiomsin little, on a small scale; in miniature:a replica in little of Independence Hall.
Idiomslittle by little, by small degrees; gradually:The water level rose little by little.
Idiomsmake little of:
belittle:to make little of one's troubles.
to understand or interpret only slightly:Scholars made little of the newly discovered text.
Idiomsnot a little, to a great extent; very much; considerably:It tired me not a little to stand for three hours.
Idiomsthink little of, to treat casually; regard as trivial:They think little of driving 50 miles to see a movie.
Middle English, Old English lȳtel (lȳt few, small + -el diminutive suffix), cognate with Dutch luttel, Old High German luzzil, Old Norse lītill bef. 900
lit•tlish(lit′l ish, lit′lish),USA pronunciationadj.lit′tle•ness, n.
1.See corresponding entry in Unabridged –4. tiny, teeny, wee. Little,diminutive,minute,small refer to that which is not large or significant. Little (the opposite of big) is very general, covering size, extent, number, quantity, amount, duration, or degree:a little boy; a little time.Small (the opposite of large and of great) can many times be used interchangeably with little, but is especially applied to what is limited or below the average in size:small oranges.Diminutive denotes (usually physical) size that is much less than the average or ordinary; it may suggest delicacy:the baby's diminutive fingers; diminutive in size but autocratic in manner.Minute suggests that which is so tiny it is difficult to discern, or that which implies attentiveness to the smallest details:a minute quantity; a minute exam.
the comparative oflittle1: less sugar, less spirit than before
(as pronoun; functioning as singular or plural): she has less than she needs, the less you eat, the less you want
(usually preceded by no)lower in rank or importance: no less a man than the president, St James the Less
less of ⇒ to a smaller extent or degree: we see less of John these days, less of a success than I'd hoped
the comparative of little (sense 1): she walks less than she should, less quickly, less beautiful
subtracting; minus: three weeks less a day
Etymology: Old English lǣssa (adj), lǣs (adv, n)USAGE Less should not be confused with fewer. Less refers strictly only to quantity and not to number: there is less water than before. Fewer means smaller in number: there are fewer people than before